CHAPTER I: THE MYSTERY AND FACT OF THE INCARNATION

[12] Denz., no. 1796.

[13] Hermeneutica biblica, sect. 1: de heuristica rationali; sect. 2: de heuristica christiana; sect. 3: de heuristica catholica.

[14] Denz., no. 1943

[15] Ibid., no. 1788.

[16] Hermeneutica biblica, p. 21.

[17] I Pet. 1:10f.

[18] Summa Theol., IIa IIae, q. 173, a. 4; John 11:50.

[19] Denz., nos. 2027-38.

[20] See Lepin, Jesus Messie et Fils de Dieu, p. 223; Lebreton, La vie et l'enseignement de Jesus.

[21] Lepin, op. cit., p. 237

[22] "Messias" comes from the Hebrew "masiah, " which means "anointed, " being derived from the Hebrew verb "masah, " "to anoint." It corresponds to the Greek Christos, Messias (John 1:42; 4:25), and to "Christus" in the Latin Vulgate.

[23] See Garrigou-Lagrange, De revelatione, Part II, chap. 3.

[24] Mark 1:14f.

[25] Matt. 4:19.

[26] Ibid., 4:23.

[27] Ibid., 5:21

[28] Ibid., 7:29.

[29] Ibid., 12:8.

[30] Ibid., 12:41f.

[31] Mark 12:35f.

[32] Luke 4:18f.; Mark 2:3; Luke 5:18.

[33] Matt. 13:55; Luke 4:22f.

[34] Ibid., 9:2-7; Mark 2:3 ff.; Luke 5:24.

[35] John, chap. 5

[36] Ibid., 1:41f.

[37] Ibid., 1:43f.

[38] Matt. 10:1, 7, 20, 40; Mark 9:36

[39] Luke 10:16

[40] Matt. 11:4.

[41] Isa. 35:5.

[42] John 3:13f.

[43] Ibid., 4:25.

[44] Ibid., 4:42.

[45] Matt. 16:13f.; Mark 8:29; Luke 9:20

[46] John 7:15f.

[47] Ibid., 8:12f.

[48] Matt. 21:9.

[49] Luke 19:40

[50] Ibid., 26:62f.; Mark 16:60f.

[51] Luke 24:26.

[52] John 20:21

[53] L'essence du Christianisme (Fr. tr., p. 140).

[54] Acts 2:36; 3:13f. Catholics and conservative Protestants agree that the Acts of the Apostles was written by St. Luke about A.D. 70. Harnack says A.D. 78-83, or perhaps 60-70.

[55] Concerning the opinion of these rationalists of modern times, cf. Lepin, Jesus Messie et Fils de Dieu, p. 228.

[56] About the opinion of these Protestants, cf. ibid., p. 237; see also M. Braun, O.P., Ou en est le probleme de Jesus.

[57] Denz., nos. 2027-38.

[58] Dict. de la Bible, art. "Jesus-Christ"; Dict. de theol. cath., col. 1132-1246.

[59] Tekna Theou (Gr.)

[60] John 1:18; Ho uios tou Theou (Gr.)

[61] Mark 3:11

[62] Even Christians are said to be "partakers of the divine nature" (II Pet. 1:4).

[63] Cf. Lepin, Jesus Messie et Fils de Dieu, pp. 267-371.

[64] Matt. 12:41f.

[65] Mark 12:36; Matt. 22:45.

[66] Matt. 17:3.

[67] Ibid., 11:3, 11; Mark 1:13; Matt. 4:11

[68] Matt. 16:27; 24:31

[69] Ibid., 5:21, 48

[70] Ibid., 5:32; 19:9.

[71] Mark 2:27f.

[72] Matt. 9:6.

[73] Ibid., 18:18

[74] Ibid., 9:6; Mark 2:9; 5:41; Luke 7:14.

[75] Mark 4:39

[76] Matt. 7:22; Acts 3:6; 4:10

[77] Matt. 10:37 Luke 14:26

[78] Mark 10:29 Matt. 12:30

[79] Mark 14:62; 8:38; 13:26

[80] Matt. 24:31

[81] Luke 24:49

[82] Acts 10:25f; 14:14 Apoc. 19:10; 22:8

[83] Cf. P. F. Ceuppens, O.P., Theologia biblica, De incarn., III, 35-51.

[84] Matt. 11:27; Luke 10:21

[85] Cf. M. J. Lagrange, Ev. de S. Matthieu, pp. 226-30; L. de Grandmaison, Jesus Christ, II, 60-62; F. Ceuppens Theol., bibl. de SS. Trinitate, II, 89

[86] St. Thomas, In Matt., chap. 11

[87] John 1:18.

[88] Matt. 16:16f.

[89] Mark 8:29

[90] Luke 9:20

[91] John 1:41f.; Matt. 11:4. Cf. M. J. Lagrange, op. cit., p. 322, with whom Lepin, F. Prat, D. Busy, and Ceuppens agree

[92] Matt. 21:33; Mark 12:1f.; Luke 20:1f.

[93] Matt. 23:31

[94] Heb. 1:1f.

[95] Matt. 22:42; Luke 20:41f.; Mark 12:35f.

[96] Matt. 26:63f.; Mark 14:61f.; Luke 22:66, 70

[97] John 5:18

[98] Ibid., 19:7.

[99] Cf. J. Lebreton, Histoire du dogme de la Trinite, I, 311-13

[100] Matt. 28:18f.; concerning the authenticity of this formula, cf. Lepin, Dict. Apol., art. "Evangiles canoniques, " col. 1621

[101] This formula is found in Didache, VII, 1

[102] Cf. E. Jacquier, Histoire des Livres du N. T., III, 80

[103] A Harnack, Die apostelgesch., p. 22.

[104] Acts 3:13f.

[105] Ibid., 4:10f.

[106] Ibid., 5:31f.

[107] Ibid., 15:11

[108] Ibid., 2:36; 11:20.

[109] Ibid., 10:36.

[110] Ibid., 10:42

[111] Ibid., 7:58. The Word "Lord" (ho Kyrios, (Gr.)) in the Acts of the Apostles as in other books of the New Testament, denotes the divinity itself. See A. Lemmonyer, Theologie du N. T., pp. 151-56

[112] These epistles are I and II Thess., Gal., I and II Cor., Rom., Eph., Col., and Phil. Cf. F. Prat, Theologie de St. Paul

[113] Rom. 1:4.

[114] Ibid., 8:3, 32.

[115] Gal. 4:4f.

[116] II Cor. 4:4

[117] Col. 1:15

[118] Rom. 11:36

[119] Cf. P. F. Ceuppens, Theol. biblica, De incarn., III, 47.

[120] I Cor. 1:23f.

[121] Col. 2:9f.

[122] Phil. 2:5f. In this utterance the phrase "being in the form of God" (hos en morphe theou (Gr.)) the word morphe (Gr.) ("form") signifies something that belongs inseparably to the essence of any being. Thus in the present instance it designates the divine essence or nature, and this is confirmed from the words that follow, namely, "to be equal with God."

[123] Ibid., 2:9.

[124] Rom. 9:3f.

[125] Heb. 1:2f.

[126] Ibid., 1:6, 7, 13, 14.

[127] John 1:1.

[128] It is unfortunate that we have not a more accurate translation of the Greek verb egeneto (Gr.) in the Vulgate, which the Douai Version translate "were made." The same applies to the phrase, "The Word was made flesh, " which would have no meaning to the Greek mind if used in this sense. (Tr.)

[129] John 1:18

[130] Ibid., 17:1, 10

[131] Ibid., 5:20f.

[132] Ibid., 8:42

[133] Ibid., 16:28, 32.

[134] Ibid., 8:58.

[135] Ibid., 17:5, 24.

[136] Ibid., 10:15

[137] Ibid., 16:14f.

[138] Ibid., 10:30; cf. 17:11, 21.

[139] Ibid., 14:6.

[140] I John 1:1f.

[141] Ibid., 5:20.

[142] Apoc. 1:17; 2:8; 22:13

[143] Ibid., 3:14.

[144] Ibid., 17:14; 19:6; as God, 6:15f.; 15:3.

[145] Ibid., 1:18.

[146] Ibid., 2:23; as God, Jer. 17:10

[147] Ibid., chaps. 5f.

[148] Ibid., 1:4; 2:26; 4:5.

[149] Ibid., 1:8; 4:8.

[150] Ibid., 1:1

[151] Ibid., 2:13, 20; 17:14.

[152] Ibid., 20:6.

[153] Ibid., 5:8, 12f

[154] Ibid., 19:10; 22:9

[155] Summa theol., IIIa, q. 19, 48

[156] Isa. 9:6

[157] Deut. 10:17; Isa. 10:21; Jer. 32:18; Neh. 9:32; Theol. biblica, De incarn., III, 33.

[158] Dict. theol. cath., art. "Jesus-Christ, " col. 1247-62.

[159] St. Clement, I Cor. 32, 2; 36, 2-5; St. Ignatius, Magn., 6, 1; 8:2; Eph., 1, 1; 7, 2; 15, 3; Pseudo Barnabas, 5, 11.

[160] St. Irenaeus, Adv. haeres., III, xviii, 1; xxi, 10; v, 18. Tertullian, adv. Praxeam; St. Hippolytus, Philosophumena.

[161] Adv. Praxeam, P.L., II, 191

[162] Cf. Contra Apollinarium, a work that has been unjustifiably attributed to St. Athanasius. See also St. Gregory of Nazianzus in several of his epistles; St. Epiphanies, De haeresibus. Cf. also Denzinger, nos. 65, 85, in which the Apollinarians were condemned by Pope St. Damasus and by the First Council of Constantinople.

[163] S. Cyrillus Alex., Epist. I; P.G., LXXVII, 27. See Denz., nos. 113f., Anathematismi Cyrilli contra Nestorium. Also Conc. Chalcedonense, Denz., no. 148

[164] Denz. (16 ed.), p. 20

[165] Ibid., no 1.

[166] Ibid., no. 2.

[167] Ibid., no. 13. This creed is the formula of the Nicene Council: see Denz., no. 54.