CHAPTER XLIV: MAN'S ELEVATION TO THE SUPERNATURAL STATE

[1402] Garrigou-Lagrange, De revelatione, I, 191-218

[1403] Cf Vatican Council: Denz., nos. 1790, 1795 ff., 1803 ff., 1808, 1816, 1818; cf. also 176 f., 1021, 1926, 1928, 2103.

[1404] cf. John of St. Thomas, De gratia, disp. XX, a. 1; Salmanticenses, De gratia, disp. III, no. 24; Suarez, De gratia, II, chap. 4

[1405] St. Thomas, Metaphysica, V, lect. 13.

[1406] Denz., nos. 1034, 1173, 1926, 1928

[1407] Ibid., no. 1797; Summa Theol., Ia, q. 2, a. 2 ad 1.

[1408] cf. Billuart, De gratia, diss. II, praeambula, a. 1

[1409] cf. Contra Gentes, Bk. IV, chap. 52

[1410] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 97, a. 1, 3

[1411] Ibid., q. 95, a. 1

[1412] Ibid., Ia IIae, q. 83, 85

[1413] Ibid., IIIa, a. 69, a. 1-6

[1414] Denz. . nos. 2074, 2103

[1415] Ibid., no. 788; cf. ibid., nos. 316, 793

[1416] Ibid., nos. 1021, 1026

[1417] Ibid., nos. 1008, 1023 ff., 1385, 1516

[1418] Denz., nos. 1008, 1024

[1419] Ibid., nos. 192, 1026.

[1420] Ibid., nos. 1021, 1023f., 1079

[1421] To be understood in the sense in which Baius' proposition was condemned, namely, "In the beginning God could not have created a man such as is now born," that is, without grace and the gift of integrity. cf. Denz., nos. 1055, 1516

[1422] Denz., nos. 192. 1001 ff.

[1423] Ibid., nos. 1001 ff., 1007, 1009, 1384

[1424] cf. Gen. 2:18-24; 3:8.

[1425] Gen. 1:26

[1426] cf. Rom. 3:24 f.; Eph. 4:23; II Cor. 5:18 f.; Col. 1:13 f.

[1427] cf. I John 3:1ff.; I Cor. 2:6-12; II Pet 1:4.

[1428] Rouet de Journel, op. cit., index theol., 229-34: a collection of texts from St. Irenaeus, St. Athanasius, St. Jerome, St. Augustine. St. Irenaeus says that Adam "by disobedience lost that holiness which he had received from the Spirit" (Adv. haeres. III, xxiii, 5); St. Augustine says: "How can we therefore be said to be renewed if we do not receive that which the first man lost, in whom all die?....We receive justice from which man fell by sin" (De Gen. ad litt., VI, 24, 35). cf. Denz., no. 105 (Council of Carthage); nos. 175, 192 (Second Council of Orange).

[1429] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 95, a. 1

[1430] Eccles. 7:30.

[1431] cf. Cant. 1:3; Ps. 7:11; 32:1

[1432] De civitate Dei, Bk. XIII, chap. 13

[1433] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 95, a. 2, 3.

[1434] cf. Ibid., a. 4

[1435] cf. De civitate Dei, Bk. XII, chap. 9; Summa Theol., Ia, q. 94, a. 1-4.

[1436] cf. Denz., nos; 101, 175

[1437] Ibid., no. 788; cf. declarations against Baius on the gratuity of this gift, ibid., nos. 1000, 1078, and the Synod of Pistoia, ibid., no. 1517

[1438] Gen. 2:16.

[1439] Ibid., 3:19

[1440] Wisd. 2:23 f

[1441] Rom. 5:12-17

[1442] cf, Rouet de Journel, op. cit., index theol., 231 for texts from St. Theophilus of Antioch, St. Cyprian, St. Methodius, St. Athanasius, St. Hilary, St. John Chrysostom, and St. Augustine

[1443] St. Augustine, De Gen. ad litt., Bk. VI, chap. 25, no. 36

[1444] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 97, a. 1.

[1445] Denz., nos. 1021, 1026, 1055; cf. Dict. theol., art. "Baius."

[1446] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 97, a. 2

[1447] Gen. 2:8, 15; 1:26; Eccles. 17 3 f

[1448] Gen. 3:19

[1449] St. Augustine in particular explains this gift, De civitate Dei, Bk. XIV, chap. 26. cf. St. Cyril of Alexandria, In Ep. ad Rom., V, 18; Rouet de Journel, op. cit., nos. 1762, 1962, 2013, 2122

[1450] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 97, a. 2 ad 4

[1451] Ibid., q. 96, a. 1

[1452] Denz., no. 792

[1453] Rom. 6:12

[1454] Gen. 2:25; 3:7, 11

[1455] Rouet de Journel, op. cit., index theol., no. 230

[1456] De civitate Dei, Bk. XIII, chap. 13

[1457] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 95, a. 1

[1458] Ibid., q. 81, a. 3 ad 2.

[1459] Ibid., q. 94, a. 3, 4.

[1460] Gen. 2:19f

[1461] Ecclus. 17:1-8.

[1462] cf. Rouet de Journel, op. cit., Index theol., no. 232 for texts from St. Augustine, St. Cyril of Alexandria, and St. John Damascene

[1463] Summa Theol., Ia. a. 94. a. 3

[1464] Ibid., a. 4

[1465] Ibid., a. 4 ad 1

[1466] Ibid

[1467] Denz., nos. 1026, 1055

[1468] Ibid., nos. 1021, 1023 f., 1079, 1055, 1516

[1469] Billuart, De gratia, diss. II, a. 2.

[1470] St. Thomas, Sent. II, d. 31, q. 1, a. 2 ad 3

[1471] cf. Billuart, loc. cit

[1472] Contra Gentes, Bk. IV, chap. 52

[1473] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 100, a. 1; St. Anselm, De conceptu virg., chap. 10.

[1474] cf. Summa Theol., Ia, q. 100, a. 2

[1475] Ibid., q. 101, a. 1, 2.

[1476] cf. Kors, O.P., La Justice primitive et le peche originel d'apres S. Thomas, Bibliotheque thomiste, Kain 1922, p. 139; Bittremieux, "La distinction entre la justice originelle et la grace sanctifiante d'apres S Thomas d'Aquin," Revue thomiste April-June, 1921; Michel, "La grace sanctifiante et la justice originelle," Revue thomiste, 1922, p. 424; Jos. van der Meersch, "De distinctione inter justitiam originalem et gratiam sanctificantem," Collationes Brugenses, XXII; P. E. Hugon, O.P., "De gratia primi hominis," Angelicum, 1927, pp. 361-81; Dict. theol. cath., "Justice originelle."

[1477] Rom. 5:12; Denz., no. 789.

[1478] Loc. cit.; cf. Council of Orange, Denz., no. 175

[1479] cf. Acta Concil. Trid., Stephen Ehses, pp. 118-218; 208.

[1480] cf. Council of Trent, Sess. V, chap. 5; Denz., no. 792

[1481] Summa Theol., IIIa, q. 69, a. 4 ad 3.

[1482] Vatican Council, Collectio Lacensis, VII, 517

[1483] Ibid., 549

[1484] Ibid

[1485] cf. Kors, op. cit., p. 139.

[1486] cf. Denz., no. 175: "If anyone shall assert that Adam's transgression harmed himself alone and not his progeny, or say that only the death of the body, which is the penalty of sin, and not the sin, which is the death of the soul, was transmitted to the whole human race by one man, he does an injury to God by contradicting the Apostle, who said, 'By one man sin entered into this world, and by sin death: and so death passed upon all men, in whom all have sinned' (Rom. 5:12)."

[1487] De conceptu virginali, chap. 10

[1488] Ibid., chap. 23.

[1489] cf. Kors, op. cit

[1490] St. Anselm, op. cit., chap. 10; PL, CLVIII, 444

[1491] St. Thomas, Sent., II, d. 20, q. 2, a. 3

[1492] Ibid., d. 29, q. 1, a. 2.

[1493] Eccles 7:30

[1494] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 95, a. 1.

[1495] St. Thomas, Sent., II, d. 20, q. 2, a. 3.

[1496] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 95, a. 1.

[1497] Ibid., Ia, q. 100, a. 1

[1498] De malo, IV, a. 4, a. 2 ad 1.

[1499] Ibid., q. 5, a. 1 ad 13; q. 4, a. 6 ad 4.

[1500] Summa Theol., Ia IIae, q. 109, a. 3.

[1501] cf. Jos. van der Meersch, op. cit., p. 9.

[1502] De malo, q. 5, a. 1 ad 13

[1503] Summa Theol., Ia, q. 95. a. 1

[1504] Ibid., q. 100, a. 1 ad 2

[1505] St. Thomas, Sent., II, d. 20, q. 2, a. 3

[1506] Summa Theol., Ia IIae, q. 83, a. 2 ad 2

[1507] Ibid

[1508] Cajetan, In Iam IIae, q. 83, a. 2 ad 2.

[1509] Ibid., q. 109, a. 2, no. 9.

[1510] Capreolus, In Sent., d. XXXI, a. 3.

[1511] Contra Gentes, Bk. IV, chap. 52.

[1512] Kors, op. cit., p. 126

[1513] Vatican Council, Collectio Lacensis, VII, 549

[1514] St. Thomas, Sent., II, d. 20, q. a, a. 3

[1515] Contra Gentes, Bk. IV, chap. 52

[1516] Bittremieux, art. cit., Revue thomiste, April-June, 1921, p. 127

[1517] De malo, q. 4, a. 2 ad I; Summa Theol., IIa IIae, q. 81, a. 2; q. 85, a. 3.