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FOR we ought not to practise pity, patience and love, and the precepts
of the virtues mentioned above, wherein there is what is good in its own
nature, for the sake of fasting, but rather fasting for the sake of them.
For our endeavour must be that those virtues which are really good may be
gained by fasting, not that the practice of those virtues may lead to
fasting as its end. For this then the affliction of the flesh is useful,
for this the remedy of abstinence must be employed; viz., that by it we may
succeed in attaining to love, wherein there is what is good without change,
and continually with no exception of time. For medicines, and the
goldsmith's art, and the systems of other arts which there are in this
world are not employed for the sake of the instruments which belong to the
particular work; but rather the implements are prepared for the practice of
the art. And as they are useful for those who understand them, so they are
useless to those who are ignorant of the system of the art in question; and
as they are a great help to those who rely on their aid for doing their
work, so they cannot be of the smallest use to those who do not know for
what purpose they were made, and are contented simply with the possession
of them; because they make all their value consist in the mere having of
them, and not in the performance of work. That then is in its own nature
the best thing, for the sake of which things indifferent are done, but the
very chiefest good is done not for the sake of anything else but because of
its own intrinsic goodness.
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