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FOR the patience of Job did not bring any gain to the devil, through
making him a better man by his temptations, but only to lob himself who
endured them bravely; nor was Judas granted freedom from eternal
punishment, because his act of betrayal contributed to the salvation of
mankind. For we must not regard the result of the deed, but the purpose of
the doer. Wherefore we should always cling to this assertion; viz., that
evil cannot be brought upon a man by another, unless a man has admitted it
by his sloth or feebleness of heart: as the blessed Apostle confirms this
opinion of ours in a verse of Scripture: "But we know that all things work
together for good to them that love God." But by saying "All things work
together for good," he includes everything alike, not only things
fortunate, but also those which seem to be misfortunes: through which the
Apostle tells us in another place that he himself has passed, when he says:
"By the amour of righteousness on the right hand and on the left," i.e.,"
Through honour and dishonour, through evil report and good report, as
deceivers and yet true, as sorrowful but always rejoicing, as needy and yet
enriching many:" All those things then which are considered fortunate,
and are called those "on the right hand," which the holy Apostle designates
by the terms honour and good report; and those too which are counted
misfortunes, which he clearly means by dishonour and evil report, and which
he describes as "on the left hand," become to the perfect man "the armour
of righteousness," if when they are brought upon him, he bears them
bravely: because, as he fights with these, and uses those very weapons with
which he seems to be attacked, and is protected by them as by bow and sword
and stout shield against those who bring these things upon him, he secures
the advantage of his patience and goodness, and obtains a grand triumph of
steadfastness by means of those very weapons of his enemies which are
hurled against him to kill him; and if only he is not elated by success or
cast down by failure, but ever marches straightforward on the king's
highway, and does not swerve from that state of tranquillity as it were to
the right hand, when joy overcomes him, nor let himself be driven so to
speak to the left hand, when misfortunes overwhelm him, and sorrow holds
sway. For "Much peace have they that love Thy law, and to them there is no
stumbling block." But of those who shift about according to the
character and changes of the several chances which happen to them, we read:
"But a fool will change like the moon." For just as it is said of men
who are perfect and wise: "To them that love God all things work together
for good," so of those who are weak and foolish it is declared that
"everything is against a foolish man," for he gets no profit out of
prosperity, nor does adversity make him any better. For it requires as much
goodness to bear sorrows bravely, as to be moderate in prosperity: and it
is quite certain that one who fails in one of these, will not bear up under
the other. But a man can be more easily overcome by prosperity than by
misfortunes: for these sometimes restrain men against their will and make
them humble and through most salutary sorrow cause them to sin less, and
make them better: while prosperity puffs up the mind with soothing but most
pernicious flatteries and when men are secure in the prospect of their
happiness dashes them to the ground with a still greater destruction.
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