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To Olympias.
Why do you lament? why do you belabour yourself, and demand of
yourself a punishment which your enemies were not able to demand from
you, having thus abandoned your soul to the tyranny of dejection? For
the letters which you sent to me by the hands of Patricius have
discovered to me the wounds which have been inflicted on your mind.
Wherefore also I am very sorrowful and much distressed that when you
ought to be using every exertion and making it your business to expel
dejection from your soul, you go about collecting distressing
thoughts, even inventing things (so you say) which do not exist, and
tearing yourself to pieces for no purpose, and to your very great
injury. For why are you grieved because you could not remove me from
Cucusus? Yet indeed, as far as you were concerned, you did remove
me, having made every exertion and endeavour for this purpose. And
even if it has not been actually accomplished you ought not to be vexed
on that account. For perhaps it seemed good to God that I should be
set to run the longer double course, in order that the garland of
victory might be rendered more glorious. Why then are you vexed on
account of these things, in consequence of which my fame is spread
abroad, when you ought to leap and dance for joy and bind wreaths upon
your brow, because I have been deemed worthy of so great an honour
which far exceeds my merits? Is it the desolation of this place which
grieves you? Yet what can be pleasanter than my sojourn here? I have
quietness, and tranquillity, plenty of leisure and good bodily
health. For although the town has neither market-place nor market
that is nothing to me. For all things are poured abundantly upon me as
out of a flowing spring. I find my lord the Bishop here and my lord
Dioscorus are constantly employed in providing for my refreshment.
And the good Patricius will tell you that as far as my sojourn here is
concerned I pass my time cheerfully and gladly, surrounded by
attention. But if you lament the events which occurred in Caesarea,
here again your conduct is unworthy of yourself. For there also bright
garlands of victory were woven for me, inasmuch as all were proclaiming
and publishing my praises, and expressing wonder and astonishment at
the ill-treatment to which I had been subjected followed by
expulsion. Meanwhile however do not let any one know these things,
although they are the theme of much gossip. For my lord Poeanius has
disclosed to me that the presbyters of Pharetrius himself have arrived
on the spot, who declare that they were in communion with me and had no
communication or intercourse or partnership with my adversaries.
Therefore to avoid upsetting them do not let any one know these
things. For certainly the things which befell me were very grievous:
and if I had not suffered any other distress the events which happened
there would have sufficed to procure innumerable rewards for me: so
extreme was the danger which I encountered. Now I beseech you to
keep these matters secret, and so I will give you a short account of
them, not in order to grieve you but rather to make you glad. For
herein consists the material of my gain, herein consists my wealth,
herein the means of getting rid of my sins--that my journey is
continually encompassed by trials of this kind, and that they are
inflicted upon me by persons from whom they were quite unexpected. For
when I was about to enter the region of Cappadocia, having escaped
from that man of Galatia, who nearly threatened me with death, many
persons met me on the way saying "the lord Pharetrius is awaiting
you, and going about in all directions for fear of missing the pleasure
of meeting you, and making every possible endeavour to see you, and
embrace you, and show you all manner of affectionate regard; and he
has set the monasteries of men and women in motion for this purpose.
Now when I heard these things I did not expect that any of them would
really take place, but formed an impression in my own mind precisely
the reverse: but of this I said nothing to any of those who brought me
this message.
2. Now when I arrived late one evening at Caesarea, in an
exhausted and worn-out condition, being in the very height of a
burning fever, faint and suffering to the last degree, I lighted upon
an inn situated just at the outskirts of the city, and took great pains
to find some physicians and allay this fiery fever; for it was now the
height of my tertian malady. And in addition to this there was the
fatigue of the journey, the toil, the strain, the total absence of
attendants, the difficulty of getting supplies, the want of a
physician, the wasting effects of toil, and heat and sleeplessness;
thus I was well nigh a dead man when I entered the city. Then indeed
I was visited by the whole body of the clergy, and the people,
monks, nuns, physicians, and I had the benefit of great attention,
as all paid me every kind of ministration and assistance. Yet even
thus, being oppressed by the lethargy arising from the feverish heat I
was in an extremely distressed condition. At length by degrees the
malady was coming to an end and abating. Pharetrius however nowhere
appeared; but waited for my departure, I know not with what purpose
in view. When then I saw that my disorder had slightly abated I
began to form plans for my journey so as to reach Cucusus, and enjoy a
little repose after the calamities of the way. And whilst I was thus
situated it was suddenly announced that the Isaurians in countless
multitudes were overrunning the district of Caesarea, and had burnt a
large village, and were most violently disposed. The tribune, having
heard this, took the soldiers which he had and went out. For they
were afraid lest the enemy should make an assault also upon the city,
and all were in terror, and in an agony of alarm the very soil of their
country being in Jeopardy, so that even the old men undertook the
defence of the walls. While affairs were in this condition suddenly
towards dawn a rabble of monks (for so I must call them, indicating
their frenzy by the expression) rushed up to the house where we were,
threatening to set fire to it, and to treat us with the utmost violence
unless we turned out of it. And neither the fear of the Isaurians,
nor my own infirmity which was so grievously afflicting me, nor
anything else made them more reasonable, but they pressed on, animated
by such fierce rage that even the proconsular soldiers were terrified.
For they kept threatening them with blows and boasted that they had
shamefully beaten many of the proconsular soldiers. The soldiers
having heard these things, sought refuge with me, and entreated and
beseeched me, saying "even if we are to fall into the hands of the
Isaurians deliver us from these wild beasts." When the governor
heard this he hastened down to the house intending to succour me. But
the monks would not pay any heed to his exhortations, and in fact he
was powerless. Perceiving the great strait in which affairs were
placed and not daring to advise me either to go out to certain death,
or on the other hand to stay indoors, owing to the excessive fury of
these men, he sent to Pharetrius beseeching him to grant a few days
respite on account of my infirmity and the impending danger. But even
then nothing was effected, and on the morrow the monks arrived even
fiercer than before, and none of the presbyters dared to stand by me
and help me, but covered with shame and blushes (for they said that
these things were done by the instructions of Pharetrius) they
concealed themselves and lay hid, not responding even when I called
them. What need to make a long story? Although such great terrors
were imminent, and death well nigh a certainty, and the fever was
oppressing me (for I had not yet got relief from the troubles arising
from that cause) I flung myself at high noon into the litter, and was
carried out thence, all the people shrieking and howling, and
imprecating curses on the perpetrator of these deeds, whilst every one
wailed and lamented. But when I got outside the city, some of the
clergy also gradually came out and escorted me, mourning as they went.
And having heard some persons say "Where are you leading him away to
manifest death?" one of those who was warmly attached to me said to me
"Depart I entreat you; fall into the hands of the Isaurians,
provided you get clear away from us. For wherever you may fall, you
will fall into a place of security, if only you escape our hands."
Having heard and seen these things the good Seleucia, the generous
wife of my lord Ruffinus (a most attentive friend she was to me),
exhorted and entreated me to lodge at her suburban house which was about
five miles from the city and she sent some men to escort me, and so I
departed thither.
3. But not even there was this plot against me to come to an end.
For as soon as Pharetrius knew what she had done, he published, as
she said many threats against her. But when she received me into her
suburban villa I knew nothing of these things; for when she came out
to meet me she concealed these things from me, but disclosed them to
her steward who was there, and ordered him to afford me every possible
means of repose, and if any of the monks should make an assault,
wishing to insult or maltreat me, he was to collect the labourers from
her other farms, and thus marshal a force against them. Moreover she
besought me to take refuge in her house, which had a fortress and was
impregnable, that I might escape the hands of the bishop and monks.
This however I could not be induced to do, but remained in the
villa, knowing nothing of the plans which were devised after these
things. For even then they were not content to desist from their fury
against me but Pharetrius beset the lady as she says, straitly
threatening her, constraining and forcing her to expel me even from the
suburbs, so that at midnight, I knowing nothing of these things, the
lady being unable to endure his annoyance, announced, without my
knowledge, that the barbarians were at hand, for she was ashamed to
mention the compulsion which she had undergone. So in the middle of
the night Evethius the presbyter came to me, and having roused me from
sleep, exclaimed with a loud voice "Get up, I pray you, the
barbarians are upon us, they are dose at hand." Imagine my condition
on hearing this! Then, when I said to him what must we do? we
cannot take refuge in the city lest we suffer worse things than what the
Isaurians are going to do to us, he compelled me to go out. It was
midnight, a dark, murky night without a moon--a circumstance which
filled up the measure of our perplexity--we had no companion, no
assistant, for all had deserted us. Nevertheless under the pressure
of fear and in the expectation of immediate death, I got up,
suffering as I was, having ordered torches to be lit. These however
the presbyter ordered to be put out, for fear as he said lest the
barbarians should be attracted by the light and attack us; so the
torches were extinguished. Then the mule which carried my litter fell
on its knees, the road being rugged, and steep and stony, and I who
was inside was thrown down and narrowly escaped destruction, after
which I dismounted, and was dragged along on foot, being held fast by
Evethius the presbyter (for he also had alighted from his mule), and
so I plodded on, led, or rather hauled by the hand, for to walk was
impossible through such a difficult country, and amongst steep
mountains in the middle of the night. Imagine what my sufferings must
have been, encompassed as I was by such calamities, and oppressed by
the fever, ignorant of the plans which had been made, but in terror of
the barbarians and trembling. with the expectation of falling into
their hands. Do you not think that these sufferings alone, even if
nothing else besides had befallen me, would avail to blot out many of
my sins, and afford ample material for obtaining praise with God?
Now the reason of all this, at least as I suppose, was, that as
soon as I arrived in Caesarea, those who were in official positions,
the learned men who were ex-vicars, and ex-governors, the
ex-tribunes and indeed the whole people visited me every day, paid me
great attention, and treated me as the apple of their eye; I suppose
these things irritated Pharetrius and that the envy which drove me from
Constantinople did not refrain from pursuing me even here. This at
least is what I suppose, for I do not positively declare it but only
suspect it to be the fact.
And what is one to say about the other events which happened on the
way, the fears and the perils? as I recall them day by day, and
continually bear them in mind, I am elated with pleasure, I leap for
joy as one who has a great treasure laid up in store for him; for such
is my position and feeling about them. Wherefore also I beseech your
Honour to rejoice at these things, to be glad, and leap for joy, and
to glorify God who has counted me worthy to suffer such things And I
beseech you to keep these matters to yourself, and not to divulge them
to any one, although for the most part the proconsular soldiers can
fill all the city (with the story) as they themselves have undergone
extreme danger.
4. Nevertheless do not let any one know this from your prudence, but
rather put down those who talk about it. But if you are distressed
lest the consequences of my ill-treatment should remain, know for
certain that I have shaken myself entirely free from them, and that I
am in better bodily health than when I was sojourning in Caesarea.
And why do you dread the cold? for a suitable dwelling has been
prepared for me, and my lord Dioscorus does and arranges everything so
as to prevent my having the least sensation of cold. And if I may
form a conjecture from the outset of my experience, the climate now
seems to me oriental in character, no less than that of Antioch. So
great is the warmth, so pleasant is the temperature. But you have
grieved me much by saying, "perhaps you are annoyed with me as having
neglected you," yet I despatched a letter many days ago to your
honour begging you not to move me from this place. Now I have had
occasion to consider that you need a strong defence and much toil and
labour to be able to make a satisfactory apology for this expression.
But perhaps you have made a partial apology, by saying "I am
generally occupied in thinking how to increase my affliction." But I
in my turn reckon it as the greatest accusation that you should say "I
take a pride in increasing my sorrow by thinking over it:" for when
you ought to make every possible effort to dispel your affliction you do
the devil's will, by increasing your despondency and sorrow. Are you
not aware how great an evil despondency is?
As to the Isaurians, dismiss your fears in future concerning them:
for they have returned into their own country: and the governor has
done everything necessary in this respect; and I am in far greater
security here than when I was in Caesarea. For in future I have no
one to fear so much as the bishops, with a few exceptions. On account
of the Isaurians then fear nothing: for they have retreated, and when
winter has set in they are confined to their own homes, although they
may possibly come out after Whitsuntide. And what do you mean by
saying that you have not the benefit of letters from me? I have
already sent you three long letters, one by the proconsular soldiers,
one by Antonius, and the third by Anatolius my servant; two of them
were a salutary medicine capable of reviving any one who was desponding
or stumbling, and conducting him into a healthy state of serenity.
When you have received these letters then go over them constantly and
thoroughly, and you will perceive their force and enjoy experience of
their healing power, and benefit, and will inform me that you have
derived much advantage therefrom. I have also a third letter ready,
similar to these, which I do not choose to send at the present time
having been exceedingly vexed at your saying "I accumulate sorrowful
thoughts, even inventing things which do not exist," an utterance
unworthy of yourself, which makes me hide my head for shame. But read
those letters which I have sent, and you will no longer say these
things, even if you are infinitely bent on being despondent. I at
least have not ceased, and will not cease saying that sin is the only
thing which is really distressing; and that all other things are but
dust and smoke. For what is there grievous in inhabiting a prison and
wearing a chain? or in being ill-treated when it is the occasion of so
much gain? or why should exile be grievous or confiscation of goods?
These are mere words, destitute of any terrible reality, words void
of sorrow. For if you speak of death you only mention that which is
the debt of nature: a thing which must in any case be undergone even if
no one hastens it: and if you speak of exile you mention that which
only involves a change of country and the sight of many cities: or if
you speak of confiscation of goods you mention what is only freedom and
emancipation from care.
5. Do not cease to pay attention to Maruthas the Bishop, as far as
it concerns you, so as to lift him up out of the pit. For I have
special need of him on account of the affairs in Persia. And
ascertain from him, if you can, what has been accomplished there
through his agency, and for what purpose he has come home, and let me
know whether you have delivered the two epistles which I sent to him:
and if he is willing to write to me, I will write again to him: but
if he should not be willing let him at least signify to your prudence
whether any thing more has taken place there, and whether he is likely
to accomplish anything by going thither again. For on this account I
was anxious to have an interview with him. Nevertheless let all things
which depend on you be done, and take care to fulfill your own part,
even if all men are rushing headlong to ruin. For your reward will
thus be perfected. By all means therefore make friends with him as far
as it is possible. I beseech you not to neglect what I am about to
say, but to pay diligent heed to it. The Marsian and Gothic monks
where the Bishop Serapion has constantly been concealed have informed
me that Moduarius the deacon has come bringing word that Unilas, that
excellent bishop whom I lately ordained and sent into Gothia, has
been laid to rest, after achieving many great exploits: and the deacon
was the bearer of a letter from the king of the Goths begging that a
bishop might be sent to them. Since then I see no other means of
meeting the threatened catastrophe with a view to its correction save
delay and postponement (as it is impossible for them to sail into the
Bosporus or into those parts at the present time), take measures to
put them off for a time on account of the winter season: and do not by
any means neglect this: for it is a matter of the greatest importance.
For there are two things which would specially distress me if they were
to happen, which God forbid: one is that a bishop should be appointed
by these men who have wrought such great wickedness, and who have no
right to appoint, and the other is that any one should be made without
consideration. For you know yourself that they are not anxious to
create some worthy man bishop, and if this should take place, which
heaven forbid, you are aware what will follow. Use all diligence
therefore to prevent either of these things happening: but if it were
possible for Moduarius quietly and secretly to hasten out to me it
would be of the greatest advantage. But if this is not possible let
what is practicable under the circumstances be done. For that which
takes place in the case of money, and actually occurred in the case of
the widow in the gospel, also holds good in the case of practical
affairs. For as that poor woman when she had cast two mites into the
treasury surpassed all those who had cast in more, because she used up
her whole substance: even so they who devote themselves to the work in
hand with all their might discharge it completely, so far as they are
concerned, even if nothing results from it, and they have their reward
perfected.
I am very grateful to Hilarius the bishop: for he wrote to me asking
to be allowed to depart to his own country, and to set things in order
there, and then to come back again. As his presence therefore is of
great service (for he is a devout, inflexible, and zealous man) I
have urged him to depart and to return speedily. Take care then that
the letter is quickly and safely delivered to him and not cast on one
side: for he eagerly and earnestly begged for letters from me, and his
presence is a great benefit. By all means therefore have a care of the
letters; and if Helladius the presbyter be not on the spot see that
they are delivered to my friends by the hands of some discreet man who
has a head on his shoulders.
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