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1. When, Abram heard of their calamity, he was at once afraid for
Lot his kinsman, and pitied the Sodomites, his friends and
neighbors; and thinking it proper to afford them assistance, he
did not delay it, but marched hastily, and the fifth night fell
upon the Assyrians, near Dan, for that is the name of the other
spring of Jordan; and before they could arm themselves, he slew
some as they were in their beds, before they could suspect any
harm; and others, who were not yet gone to sleep, but were so
drunk they could not fight, ran away. Abram pursued after them,
till, on the second day, he drove them in a body unto Hoba, a
place belonging to Damascus; and thereby demonstrated that
victory does not depend on multitude and the number of hands, but
the alacrity and courage of soldiers overcome the most numerous
bodies of men, while he got the victory over so great an army
with no more than three hundred and eighteen of his servants, and
three of his friends: but all those that fled returned home
ingloriously.
2. So Abram, when he had saved the captive Sodomites, who had
been taken by the Assyrians, and Lot also, his kinsman, returned
home in peace. Now the king of Sodom met him at a certain place,
which they called The King's Dale, where Melchisedec, king of the
city Salem, received him. That name signifies, the righteous
king: and such he was, without dispute, insomuch that, on this
account, he was made the priest of God: however, they afterward
called Salem Jerusalem. Now this Melchisedec supplied Abram's
army in an hospitable manner, and gave them provisions in
abundance; and as they were feasting, he began to praise him, and
to bless God for subduing his enemies under him. And when Abram
gave him the tenth part of his prey, he accepted of the gift: but
the king of Sodom desired Abram to take the prey, but entreated
that he might have those men restored to him whom Abram had saved
from the Assyrians, because they belonged to him. But Abram would
not do so; nor would make any other advantage of that prey than
what his servants had eaten; but still insisted that he should
afford a part to his friends that had assisted him in the battle.
The first of them was called Eschol, and then Enner, and Mambre.
3. And God commended his virtue, and said, Thou shalt not however
lose the rewards thou hast deserved to receive by such thy
glorious actions. He answered, And what advantage will it be to
me to have such rewards, when I have none to enjoy them after me?
- for he was hitherto childless. And God promised that he should
have a son, and that his posterity should be very numerous;
insomuch that their number should be like the stars. When he
heard that, he offered a sacrifice to God, as he commanded him.
The manner of the sacrifice was this : - He took an heifer of
three years old, and a she-goat of three years old, and a ram in
like manner of three years old, and a turtle-dove, and a pigeon
and as he was enjoined, he divided the three former, but the
birds he did not divide. After which, before he built his altar,
where the birds of prey flew about, as desirous of blood, a
Divine voice came to him, declaring that their neighbors would be
grievous to his posterity, when they should be in Egypt, for four
hundred years; during which time they should be afflicted,
but afterwards should overcome their enemies, should conquer the
Canaanites in war, and possess themselves of their land, and of
their cities.
4. Now Abram dwelt near the oak called Ogyges,--the place belongs
to Canaan, not far from the city of Hebron. But being uneasy at
his wife's barrenness, he entreated God to grant that he might
have male issue; and God required of him to be of good courage,
and said that he would add to all the rest of the benefits that
he had bestowed upon him, ever since he led him out of
Mesopotamia, the gift of children. Accordingly Sarai, at God's
command, brought to his bed one of her handmaidens, a woman of
Egyptian descent, in order to obtain children by her; and when
this handmaid was with child, she triumphed, and ventured to
affront Sarai, as if the dominion were to come to a son to be
born of her. But when Abram resigned her into the hand of Sarai,
to punish her, she contrived to fly away, as not able to bear the
instances of Sarai's severity to her; and she entreated God to
have compassion on her. Now a Divine Angel met her, as she was
going forward in the wilderness, and bid her return to her master
and mistress, for if she would submit to that wise advice, she
would live better hereafter; for that the reason of her being in
such a miserable case was this, that she had been ungrateful and
arrogant towards her mistress. He also told her, that if she
disobeyed God, and went on still in her way, she should perish;
but if she would return back, she should become the mother of a
son who should reign over that country. These admonitions she
obeyed, and returned to her master and mistress, and obtained
forgiveness. A little while afterwards, she bare Ismael; which
may be interpreted Heard of God, because God had heard his
mother's prayer.
5. The forementioned son was born to Abram when he was eighty-six
years old: but when he was ninety-nine, God appeared to him, and
promised him that he Should have a son by Sarai, and commanded
that his name should be Isaac; and showed him, that from this son
should spring great nations and kings, and that they should
obtain all the land of Canaan by war, from Sidon to Egypt. But he
charged him, in order to keep his posterity unmixed with others,
that they should be circumcised in the flesh of their foreskin,
and that this should be done on the eighth day after they were
born: the reason of which circumcision I will explain in another
place. And Abram inquiring also concerning Ismael, whether he
should live or not, God signified to him that he should live to
be very old, and should be the father of great nations. Abram
therefore gave thanks to God for these blessings; and then he,
and all his family, and his son Ismael, were circumcised
immediately; the son being that day thirteen years of age, and he
ninety-nine.
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