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But, if the stars announce the future- as we hold of many
other things also- what explanation of the cause have we to
offer? What explains the purposeful arrangement thus implied?
Obviously, unless the particular is included under some general
principle of order, there can be no signification.
We may think of the stars as letters perpetually being inscribed
on the heavens or inscribed once for all and yet moving as they
pursue the other tasks allotted to them: upon these main tasks
will follow the quality of signifying, just as the one principle
underlying any living unit enables us to reason from member to
member, so that for example we may judge of character and even of
perils and safeguards by indications in the eyes or in some other
part of the body. If these parts of us are members of a whole, so
are we: in different ways the one law applies.
All teems with symbol; the wise man is the man who in any one
thing can read another, a process familiar to all of us in not a
few examples of everyday experience.
But what is the comprehensive principle of co-ordination?
Establish this and we have a reasonable basis for the divination,
not only by stars but also by birds and other animals, from which
we derive guidance in our varied concerns.
All things must be enchained; and the sympathy and correspondence
obtaining in any one closely knit organism must exist, first, and
most intensely, in the All. There must be one principle
constituting this unit of many forms of life and enclosing the
several members within the unity, while at the same time,
precisely as in each thing of detail the parts too have each a
definite function, so in the All each several member must have
its own task- but more markedly so since in this case the parts
are not merely members but themselves Alls, members of the
loftier Kind.
Thus each entity takes its origin from one Principle and,
therefore, while executing its own function, works in with every
other member of that All from which its distinct task has by no
means cut it off: each performs its act, each receives something
from the others, every one at its own moment bringing its touch
of sweet or bitter. And there is nothing undesigned, nothing of
chance, in all the process: all is one scheme of differentiation,
starting from the Firsts and working itself out in a continuous
progression of Kinds.
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